14 Mart 2013 Perşembe

Pst Simple vs Present Perfect

Simple PastPresent Perfect Simple
irregular verbs: see 2nd column of irregular verbs
Example:
I spoke
irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs
Example:
I / you / we / they have spoken
he / she / it has spoken
regular verbs: infinitive + ed
Example:
I worked
regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed
Example:
I / you / we / they have worked
he / she / it has worked
Simple PastPresent Perfect Simple
certain time in the past
Example:
I phoned Mary 2 minutes ago.
just / already / not yet
Example:
I have just phoned Mary.

Certain event in the past or how often so far?

Do you want to express when a certain action took place or whether / how often an action has happened till now?
Simple PastPresent Perfect Simple
certain event in the past
Example:
He went to Canada last summer.
whether / how often till now
Example:
Have you ever been to Canada? / I have been to Canada twice.

Emphasis on action or result?

Do you just want to express what happened in the past? Or do you want to emphasise the result (a past action's consequence in the present)?
Simple PastPresent Perfect Simple
Emphasis on action
Example:
I bought a new bike. (just telling what I did in the past.)
Emphasis on result
Example:
I have bought a new bike. (With this sentence I actually want to express that I have a new bike now.)

Signal Words

Simple PastPresent Perfect Simple
  • yesterday
  • ... ago
  • in 1990
  • the other day
  • last ...
  • just
  • already
  • up to now
  • until now / till now
  • ever
  • (not) yet
  • so far
  • lately / recently

Simple Past or Present Perfect Simple

Exercise 1

Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
  1. A: (you / play / already)  the new computer game?
  2. B: No, not yet. I only (buy)  it yesterday and I (have / not)  the time yet.
  3. A: (you / go)  to the cinema last night?
  4. B: Yes. I (be)  there with Sue and Louis. (you / be)  to the cinema recently?
  5. A: I last (go)  to the cinema two weeks ago.
  6. B: So you (see / not)  the new action film yet.
  7. A: No, unfortunately not. (you / enjoy)  it?
  8. B: Oh, I really (love)  it. But Sue (like / not)  it - too much action!
  9. A: But why (you / take)  her with you? She (tell)  me last week that she (hate)  action films.
  10. B: I think she has an eye on Louis. She (try)  to flirt with him all the time. So he (can / concentrate / not)  on the film.

Exercise 2

Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
  1. (just / finish)  my homework.
  2. Mary (already / write)  five letters.
  3. Tom (move)  to this town in 1994.
  4. My friend (be)  in Canada two years ago.
  5. (not / be)  to Canada so far.
  6. But I (already / travel)  to London a couple of times.
  7. Last week, Mary and Paul (go)  to the cinema.
  8. I can't take any pictures because I (not / buy)  a new film yet.
  9. (they / spend)  their holiday in New Zealand last summer?
  10. (you / ever / see)  a whale?

1 Mart 2013 Cuma

Wonderland



One day Alice came to a fork in the road and saw a Cheshire cat in a tree. ''Which road do I take?'' she asked. ''where do you want to go?'' was his response. ''I don't know,'' Alice answered. ''then,'' said the cat, ''it doesn't matter.''                                                                                          from Alice In Wonderland by Lewis Carroll

26 Şubat 2013 Salı

Present Perfect Tense II





Simple Present Perfect - Sentences - Exercise 1


Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect. Mind the signal words (if given).

Example: I ______________ a new T-shirt. (just/to buy)

Answer: I have just bought a new T-shirt.
1) The students  a flight to Vienna. (to book)
2) The cat  a mouse. (just/to catch)
3) Jack and Brian  this picture. (to draw)
4) He  his friends. (already/to invite)
5) Julia  a table with three columns. (to make)
6) My friends  the Geography test. (to pass)
7) I  the rabbits. (just/to feed)
8) The baby hedgehogs  the water. They are sleeping now. (to drink)
9) The teacher  the keys, so he can't open the door. (to lose)
10) We  the worksheets. (already/to download)


Exercise 2

Choose the correct time expression used with the present perfect tense.1. We have lived in this city ………………………… fifteen years. (since / for)
2. She has not ……………………. returned from school. (yet / just)
3. Jane has ………………………. gone out. (just / yet)
4. You have not returned my money ………………………. (already / yet)
5. James has …………………….. arrived in London. (already / yet)
6. I have …………………….. had a call from your mother. (yet / just)
7. She has worked with me ……………………… 2008. (since / for)
8. I haven’t seen him ……………………. two weeks. (since / for)
9. How …………………….. have you known him? (long / much)
10. I have ……………………. completed my homework. (already / yet)

Present Perfect Tense


Hello everybody! My family and friends call me Present Perfect Man because I am very perfectionist and I like tidiness, I hate disorder and messy people. Please, do not play that music so loud! I have studied a lot since I was a teenager: Computer Engineering, English and German and now I have started to work in a prestigious software firm in Malaga called Properly Software. I have met a new girl in this company, her name is Lady Past Continuous Lady Past Continuous. She has worked in the company for eight years. She is pretty and nice and she is my age, but Ihaven't found the perfect woman yet. Have you?We have just gone to a restaurant for lunch, we are good friends and have decided to go on holidays together. Haveyou ever been to Africa? I Have, but Lady Past Continuous hasn't travelled much.


Present Perfect The Present Perfect Tense - When to use

  1. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experiences. It is important if we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important when we did it.
    Examples
       I have been abroad two times.
       Anna has never broken a leg.
       Have you ever eaten sushi?
  2. Tip! We often use never and ever with the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experience.
  3. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action which started in the past and continuous up to now.
    Examples
       I have been a teacher for more than ten years.
       We haven't seen Janine since Friday.
       How long have you been at this school?
  4. Tip! We often use since and for to say how long the action has lasted.
  5. We also use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about a past action that has the result in the present.
    Examples
       I have lost my wallet. = I don't have it now.
       Jimmy has gone to South America. = He isn't here now.
       Have you finished your homework? = Is your homework ready?
  6. Tip! We often use justalready and yet with the Present Perfect Tense for an action in the past with the result in the present.



The Origin of the Teddy Bear



♥ BABY bears ♥


1 The teddy bear was born in the USA at the beginning of the 1900s. This sweet toy animal
has been very popular since then. Almost everyone knows this toy, but few people know
that it was named after President Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt.
2 In November 1902, US President Theodore Roosevelt and some of his friends went on a
hunting trip to Mississippi. After hours of searching, Roosevelt and his group couldn’t find
any wild animals. Finally, the group chased and surrounded a helpless bear. One of the
guides asked the president to kill the bear so he could win a hunting trophy. Roosevelt
refused to shoot such a helpless animal, calling it "unsportsmanlike", and instead released
it. The next day, the story of Roosevelt's kind act appeared in newspapers throughout the
country. When this took place, a famous cartoonist named Clifford Berryman drew a
cartoon for the Washington Post about Roosevelt’s rescue of the bear. Berryman pictured
Roosevelt with his gun next to him with the bear on the ground behind his back. The
cartoon gave Morris and Rose Michtom, who were store owners in New York, a great idea.
They decided to make a bear in honor of the president's action. The Michtoms named their
bear "Teddy's Bear" and placed it in the window of their store. Instead of looking angry and
standing on all four paws like other toy bears, the Michtoms' bear looked sweet and
friendly, and stood upright. Perhaps that's why the sales of "Teddy's Bear" reached a very
high number among the public. In fact, since the interest in this toy was very high, the
Michtoms established the first Teddy bear production factory in the United States with the
help of the Butler Brothers.
3 Some Teddy bears are intended for adults. They are known as "collector’s items" or
"Designer bears". Others are for children to play with. The first type, for adults, is almost
always fully jointed, which means that the arms legs and heads are movable. The other
type is usually an unjointed bear whose arms, head and legs are stitched to the body. In
1999, in just the United States, collectors bought $441 million worth of teddy bears. As
we begin our journey through a new century, we certainly need the teddy bear's gift of
love and friendship more than ever.
A. What do the following refer to?
1. then (para.1): ___________________________________
2. him (para.2): ___________________________________
3. Others (para.3): Other ______________________________
B. Find words in the text that mean the following. Write only ONE word on each line
and do not change the form of the word.
1. award (para.2) (n.) : _______________________
2. called (para.2) (v.) : _______________________
3. on two legs (para.2) (adj.) : _______________________
4. planned and designed (para.3) (v.) :_______________________
C. Mark the following statements True (T) or False (F).
T F 1. Today, many people know where the name ‘Teddy’ comes from.
T F 2. Roosevelt’s cartoon appeared in most of the country’s newspapers.
T F 3. The Michtoms had a store in New York.
T F 4. Collectors all over the world spent $441 million on teddy bears in
1999.
T F 5. Teddy bears are a symbol of love.
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Why did Roosevelt refuse to kill the bear?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
2. Where was the first toy bear exhibited?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
3. What were the TWO main differences between Teddy’s bear and the other toy bears
in the market?
a) ________________________________________________________________.
b) ________________________________________________________________.
4. Who helped the Michtoms establish the first Teddy bear production factory in the
USA?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

Reading ''Leaving Her Mark''




Leaving Her Mark
A True Story

1 Wherever she goes, Molly leaves her mark. Without saying a word, she speaks to people
by looking at them with her beautiful eyes. Even when she walks away, she leaves a
mark. Molly’s mark is a smile. She draws it on the ground by the horseshoe* at the
bottom of her false leg*.
2 A few years ago, Molly, a pony*, was badly attacked by a dog. Molly’s owner, Kaye Harris, took her
to an animal hospital. Veterinarians there saved Molly’s life, but one of her legs was broken, and it
became very infected. The only way to save Molly’s life was to cut the leg.
3 At first, veterinarians thought it was necessary to put Molly to sleep (to kill Molly), but Molly changed
their decision. This pony learned to live with her broken leg. Doctors understood Molly was very
intelligent and she wanted to live.
4 Some veterinarians operated on Molly and removed (cut) her leg. A false leg was made for
her. Doctors gave her a special horseshoe at the bottom of her false leg. This horseshoe had
a smiling face (☺) under it.
5 After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs like a healthy horse! Now, with
every step she makes, she draws a smiling face in the soil, but she leaves her mark in
other ways, too.
6 Kate Harris took Molly to a medical center for children once. In the center, there were children who
had false legs or false arms. They were shocked when they saw a horse with a false leg. Molly helped
them to smile and gave them happiness. Soon, Molly began to visit schools, nursing homes, army
bases and hospitals every month. Even a book was written about Molly.
7 Molly is a symbol of hope for people of all ages with false legs or false arms. Her story leaves a smile
on people’s faces, just as her horseshoe leaves a smiling face in the soil.
*a pony: a kind of small horse
A) What do the words in bold refer to?
1. her (par.2, line 1) : ____________________
2. there (par.2, line 2) : ____________________
3. They (par.6, line 2) : _____________________
B) Answer the questions according to the text. GIVE SHORT ANSWERS.
1. How does Molly speak to people although she doesn’t say a word?
__________________________________________________________________________.
2. Why did the veterinarians change their decision?
___________________________________________________________________________.

3. Why was a false leg made for Molly?
__________________________________________________________________________.
4. What was special about Molly’s horseshoe?
__________________________________________________________________________.
5. Which places did Molly regularly go after the operation? (WRITE TWO)
__________________________________________________________________________.
6. Who does Molly give hope to?
__________________________________________________________________________.
C) Fill in the blanks with ONE WORD ONLY.
SINGLE FATHERS' CLUB
Self-help groups, i.e. groups of people with common problems, are very popular in many countries. These
people (1)____________________ meetings and talk about their problems. They try to find answers for
their problems together. For example, there (2)____________________ hundreds of groups of men and
women who want to lose weight or give up drinking, who are single mothers or unmarried mothers. Now
groups for single fathers are also starting to appear. This (3)____________________ the story of a
group for single fathers.
It started when a radio announcer, John McCarthy, (4)____________________ reading an announcement
for a single mothers' group. (5)____________________ he read the announcement, he said, "I'm a single
father (6)____________________ two children. My wife died two years ago. I look
(7)____________________ my children on my own and I have a lot of problems. I'm sure there are a lot
of other men who have lost (8)____________________ wives. So we need a group, too". Two single
fathers, Henry Mason (9)____________________ Paul Singer, heard his message on the radio and
called him, and they decided (10)____________________ meet. These three men started the first single
fathers' group in the US (11)____________________ May 5th, 1988. Six months
(12)____________________, there were 30 fathers in the group called "Single Fathers' Club". Now, there
are doctors, students, mechanics, a bus-driver, a television producer, a few businessmen and several men
who are unemployed. They meet every Tuesday night.
They talk about problems, such as how to look after a child with a temperature, where to find milk at 6
a.m., how to help children who (13)____________________ sleep well at night, or what foods are best
for their children. The fathers feel these meetings help them. They say the difficult part for men is just
learning to talk to other men about anything really personal.
GOOD LUCK!!!