An English word can consist of three parts: the root, a prefix, and a suffix. The root is the part of the word that contains the basic meaning, or definition of the word. The prefix is a word element placed in front of the root, which changes the word's meaning or makes a new word. A suffix is a word element placed after the root, which changes the word's meaning as well as its function.
Common Prefixes
| Prefix | Meaning | Examples | ||
anti-
|
against
|
antibiotic
| ||
bi-
|
two
|
bicycle
| ||
contra-
|
against
|
contradict
| ||
di-
|
two
|
diameter, dichotomy
| ||
dis-
|
apart, away from
|
dissatisfied, disillusion
| ||
ex
|
former
|
ex-wife
| ||
ex-, e-
|
go out from
|
exit
| ||
extra-
|
beyond
|
extraterrestrial
| ||
hyper-
|
extremely
|
hyperactive
| ||
in-, im-, il-, ir-
|
negative, not
|
incapable, impossible, illogical, irresponsible
| ||
inter-
|
between
|
interaction, intermingle
| ||
intra-
|
within
|
intracoastal
| ||
intro-
|
inward
|
introduction
| ||
macro-
|
large
|
macroeconomics
| ||
micro-
|
tiny, small
|
microscope
| ||
mis-
|
wrong
|
misuse, misinform
| ||
mono-
|
one
|
monolingual
| ||
multi-
|
many
|
multinational
| ||
neo-
|
new
|
neophyte, neonatal
| ||
non-
|
negative, not
|
non-binding
| ||
omni-
|
all
|
omnipotent
| ||
poly-
|
many
|
polyglot
| ||
post-
|
after
|
postwar
| ||
pre-
|
before
|
previous
| ||
re-
|
again
|
reply, rearrange
| ||
retro-
|
backwards
|
retroactive
| ||
semi-
|
half
|
semiannual
| ||
sub-
|
under
|
submarine, subordinate
| ||
super-
|
above
|
supersede
| ||
tri-
|
three
|
tricycle, triplets
| ||
un-
|
negative, not
|
unidentified
| ||
uni-
|
one
|
unilateral
|
Common Suffixes
Suffix
|
Part of Speech
|
Examples
| ||
-er, -or
|
noun
|
teacher, director
| ||
-ance, -ence
|
noun
|
difference, attendance
| ||
-ant, -ent
|
noun
|
deviant, President
| ||
-ee
|
noun
|
employee, trainee
| ||
-ess
|
noun
|
stewardess, waitress
| ||
-ian
|
noun
|
electrician, beautician
| ||
-ism
|
noun
|
Communism, theism
| ||
-ics
|
noun
|
mathematics, statistics
| ||
-ist
|
noun
|
chemist, artist
| ||
-ity
|
noun
|
rarity, velocity
| ||
-ment
|
noun
|
achievement, astonishment
| ||
-ness
|
noun
|
happiness, fondness
| ||
-ship
|
noun
|
relationship, friendship
| ||
-tion, -ation
|
noun
|
action, coronation
| ||
-ate
|
verb
|
deviate, create
| ||
-ify
|
verb
|
typify, solidify
| ||
-ize
|
verb
|
tenderize, authorize
| ||
-able, -ible
|
adjective
|
reliable, capable, sensible
| ||
-al
|
adjective
|
comical, radical
| ||
-ful
|
adjective
|
wonderful, helpful
| ||
-ish
|
adjective
|
impish, sheepish
| ||
-ive
|
adjective
|
creative, sensitive
| ||
-ous, ious
|
adjective
|
dangerous, impervious
| ||
-ly
|
adverb
|
quickly, happily
| ||
-ally
|
adverb
|
athletically, accidentally
|
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